High blood pressure is often called the silent killer. Learn what your numbers mean and what you can do.
Blood pressure is measured in two numbers — systolic (the top number) and diastolic (the bottom number). Yet most people have no idea what their readings actually mean or when to be concerned.
As a family physician, blood pressure is one of the first things I check at every visit — because it silently predicts so much about your future health.
**What the numbers mean:**
- **Normal:** Below 120/80 mmHg
- **Elevated:** 120-129 / below 80
- **Stage 1 Hypertension:** 130-139 / 80-89
- **Stage 2 Hypertension:** 140+ / 90+
- **Hypertensive Crisis:** Above 180/120 (seek immediate care)
**Why it matters:**
Untreated hypertension significantly increases your risk of heart attack, stroke, kidney disease, and vision loss — often with no symptoms until serious damage has occurred.
**What you can do:**
- Reduce dietary sodium (aim for under 2,300 mg/day)
- Exercise at least 150 minutes per week
- Maintain a healthy weight
- Limit alcohol
- Manage stress
- If lifestyle changes aren't enough, medication is safe, effective, and life-saving
One in three adults has high blood pressure — and nearly half of them don't know it. Your annual physical could save your life.
